Estonia is on the front line with regards to the ongoing conflict in Ukraine. Being in such a position has forced decision makers to rethink official policy in times of war. How to protect tangible cultural heritage? How to tackle the country’s dissonant Soviet heritage?With the invasion of Ukraine, what measures has Estonia put in place so far and what good practices in general can the rest of Europe take on board so as to safeguard its cultural heritage?The Kraków Heritage Hub’s John Beauchamp and Katarzyna Jagodzińska speak to Riin Alatalu, Vice-President of ICOMOS  who holds the UNESCO Chair of Cultural Heritage Studies at the Estonian Academy of Fine Arts. We met during the Europa Nostra Cultural Heritage Summit held in Bucharest in October 2024.