Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is a naturally occurring endocannabinoid-like lipid mediator naturally found in many plants. PEA is analgesic, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, antipyretic, antiepileptic, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antibacterial and antiviral. PEA also increases endocannabinoids and it down regulates mast cell activation.  PEA can improve immune system function without increasing inflammation. PEA also regulates fatty acid metabolism, reduces oxidation of fats, and inhibits excessive nitric oxide. PEA may contribute to enhanced muscle recovery and improved cognition, mood and sleep. PEA may be indicated for anti-aging, immunoenhancement, brain health, allergies, and joint health. These properties make PEA a perfect compound for managing the difficult symptoms of Long COVID. Studies on PEA and Long COVID A recent study entitled, “The Use of Palmitoylethanolamide in the Treatment of Long COVID: A Real-Life Retrospective Cohort Study” looked at the potential benefits of PEA for Long COVID symptoms. Some of the most common Long COVID symptoms include fatigue, brain fog, headache, exercise intolerance, trouble breathing, memory lapse, anosmia, dysgeusia, depression, anxiety, psychosis, nervous asthenia, PTSD, insomnia, delirium and anhedonia. How was the study done? 33 (10 male and 23 female) patients were given 600 mg PEA twice a day for 3 months. All patients were administered the post-COVID-19 Functional Status (PCFS) scale, to assess meaningful function, before (T0) and at the end of the treatment (T1). None of the patients had any side effects from the PEA. Study results All the patients experienced improvement in their Long COVID symptoms as measured by the Post-COVID-19 Functional Status scale. PEA, Luteolin, and Long COVID Studies The combination of PEA and Luteolin has been studied extensively, with multiple published papers showing the synergistic benefits of these two compounds. PEA and luteolin have been shown to reduce neuroinflammation by modulating microglia and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Luteolin is a flavonoid, specifically a flavone, found naturally in fruits, vegetables, and herbs such as celery, parsley, lettuce, spinach, peppers, broccoli, cabbage, carrots, onions (leaves), and apples (skins). Luteolin is similar in structure to quercetin, but luteolin is more potent and is sometimes referred to as a “supercharged” quercetin. Luteolin has the following properties: Anti-inflammatory Anti-neurodegenerative (neuroprotective) Mast cell stabilizer Antioxidant Anticancer Antiallergy Antihypertensive Antiviral Antidiabetic Another study entitled, “What Is the Role of Palmitoylethanolamide Co-Ultramicronized with Luteolin on the Symptomatology Reported by Patients Suffering from Long COVID? A Retrospective Analysis Performed by a Group of General Practitioners in a Real-Life Setting” looked at the medical charts of 49 patients with Long COVID who were treated by one of nine doctors in Rome, Italy. The patients were treated with 700 mg of PEA and 70 mg of luteolin twice a day for 90 days. No side effects were reported during treatment, nor any drug interactions with their medications. The authors conclude, “Supplementation with PEALUT (PEA and Luteolin) helped to improve all patient-reported symptoms, especially pain, anxiety and depression, fatigue, brain fog, anosmia and dysgeusia, leading to an overall improvement in patients' health status.” PEA and luteolin have been found to be effective for post-COVID loss of smell (anosmia) and memory loss. The first study entitled, “Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide and Luteolin Supplement Combined with Olfactory Training to Treat Post-COVID-19 Olfactory Impairment: A Multi-Center Double-Blinded Randomized Placebo- Controlled Clinical Trial” was done for 90 days on subjects who took 700 mg of PEA and 70 mg of luteolin once a day combined with olfac...